Java RSA加密算法生成公钥和私钥
目前为止,RSA是应用最多的公钥加密算法,能够抵抗已知的绝大多数密码攻击,已被ISO推荐为公钥数据加密标准。
RSA算法中,每个通信主体都有两个钥匙,一个公钥(Public Key)用来对数据进行加密; 一个私钥(Private Key)用来对数据进行解密。
下面来看下Java中是如何使用KeyPairGenerator生成keyMap 并从中解析出PublickKey和PrivateKey的。
创建Java工程Keys
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打开Eclipse,新建一个Java 工程。 操作:点击“File”-> "New" -> "Java Project"
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工程名内输入Keys, 然后点击“Finish”即可
引入所要用到的包
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若要使用RSA加密,需要在代码中引入java.security子包, 和Base64加密、解密包。具体如下:
编写代码
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编写生成key map寒暑 initKey, 如图:
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编写获取公钥函数及辅助Base64解码函数如图:
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主函数(main 函数)中编写测试代码如图:
完整代码
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完整代码: import java.security.Key; import java.security.KeyPair; import java.security.KeyPairGenerator; import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey; import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder; import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder; @SuppressWarnings("unused") public class Keys { public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA"; public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA"; private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey"; private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey"; public static void main(String[] args) { Map<String, Object> keyMap; try { keyMap = initKey(); String publicKey = getPublicKey(keyMap); System.out.println(publicKey); String privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyMap); System.out.println(privateKey); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap) throws Exception { Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY); byte[] publicKey = key.getEncoded(); return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded()); } public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap) throws Exception { Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY); byte[] privateKey =key.getEncoded(); return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded()); } public static byte[] decryptBASE64(String key) throws Exception { return (new BASE64Decoder()).decodeBuffer(key); } public static String encryptBASE64(byte[] key) throws Exception { return (new BASE64Encoder()).encodeBuffer(key); } public static Map<String, Object> initKey() throws Exception { KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); keyPairGen.initialize(1024); KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair(); RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic(); RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate(); Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2); keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey); keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey); return keyMap; } }
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测试结果: